Cooling system for internal-combustion engines



Patented May s, 1928.

UNITE]; STATES.

PATENT OFFICE.

wELLINGToN w, Muraorhmcxronr, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR 'ro HARRISON nnmnron CORPORATION, or LOCKPORT, New YORK. 1

COOLING SYSTEM FOR INTERNAL COIlIBUSTION ENGINES.

Application filed December 1, 1924. Serial No. 753,198.

This invention relates to cooling systems for internal combustion engines and has for its object to improve the constructions and procedures heretofore proposed.

WVith these and other objects in view, the invention consists in the novel details of construction and combinations of parts all as will be more fully hereinafterdisclosed, and particularly pointed out iuthe claims.

Referring to the accompanying drawing, forming a part of this specification, which diagrammatically illustrates in section an apparatus involving this invention, there is shown a form of radiator in which one-half of the radiator core is operated continuously as a liquid cooling member while the other portion of the core is inactive until a predetermined temperature of the liquid in the cooling circuit is reached. The saidother part of the radiator which has-been inoperative up to this oint is then brought into operation and ad .itionalheat is radiated. The drawing illustrates theinvention in its broadest form, there being'numerous modi fications which could be made.

The operation of this radiator is founded.

, on the principle of allowing one portionof the radiator core to be continuously in operation at all-times, the size of the core beingof ample'capacity only to properly cool the motor in extremely cold weather, and then, as the temperature of the air increases, allowing the heretofore inactive radiator to operate. i

The radiator shown can be attached to any motoror cooling system in which the temperature of-the' liquid is to be controlled. 525 is the inlet passage from the top of the cooling jacket of the engine, while 526 is the outlet passage 'from the bottom of the radiator to the pump and thence to the cooling jacket of the motor, allas will be readily understood. 527 isa filler cap, 528 rep-- resents the normal liquid level when the motoris operating, 529 is a division plate or partition dividing the top tank of the radia tor into thetwo chambers such as 530 located on the inlet side of said partition and 531 located on the outlet side of the radiator. The partition 529 does not extend to the top of the top tank of the radiatorthus part of the 530 and 531. In a similar manner the bottom tank of the radiator is provided with a division plate 532 in line with the upper division plate 529, separating said lower tank into two chambers such as 533 on the inlet side of the radiator and 534 on the outlet side, both of said chambers having a communication with each other throug the means of a calibrated orifice 535 in the lower portion of the division wall 532. 536 is a vent to the atmosphere leading from theupper portion of the lower chamber 534. The system in its preferred form is filledithrough the filler cap 527 when the motor is in operation to the level as indicated by the line 528 in the upper chamher 530. a

"l/Vhen the liquid in the cooling system is at the level 528, the jacket of the motor will be completely filled with liquid, also the upper tank 530 ofthe radiator, the portion of the radiator core 537 provided with the vertically disposed passages 538 communicating with said chamber 530, and, the lower chamber 533 also in communication with said passages 538. Due to the rapidity with whichthe pump, connecting with the outlet passage 526, withdraws the liquid from the system, the lower chamber 534 will only be partially filled with liquid. The size of the gauge hole 535 will determine the rapid ity with which the liquid flows from chamber 533 into the chamber 534 and back to the motorjacket through, the outlet 526.

Under this set of operating conditions the upper chamber 531 and the lower chamber 534 and the part of the radiator core 537 provided with the vertical passages 539 communicating with both of said chambers 531 and 534 will be substantially empty of liquid. If the temperature of the liquid in the at 528 to rise and flow over the division wall.

529 into the lower chamber534, and, back to the jacket of the motor throughthe outlet 526. i

7 Due to the increased amount ofradiator core broughtinto operation and also the increase in circulation of liquid, the vapor formed in the jacket of the motor will pass through the outlet passage 526.

over into the radiator, and be condensed therein, and the system will go through the same cycle of operation over and over again. If the liquid level indicated at 528 is lower, the system will operate as a combination of steam and water or liquid cooling system, the liquid being cooled while passing from chamber 530 to thelower chamber 533. The vapor will flow overthe top of the division wall'529 through passage 532 into the upper chamber 531, thence down through the vertical passages 539 being condensed therein, and returned as liquid to the cooling jacket of the motor from the lower chamber 534 Any air present in the cooling system can escape to the atmosphere through the vent 536.

If it is desired, the orifice 535 can be made adjustable either manually or automatically. Also, if desired, an automatically or manua'lly cont-rolled valve can be placed in the lower part of the division wall 529 to cause a; certain amount of liquid to be passed from the upper chamber 530 into the chamber 531 when the temperature of the liquid in the chamber 530 rises beyond a predetermined temperature. By providing a valve or adjustable orifice at 535, or in the lower partof the division wall 529, the temperature of the liquid in the cooling circuit can be varied through a wide range of temperature independent of either engine load, air flow through the radiator, or variations of atmospheric temperatures.

The radiator is also suitable for operation with highly volatile non-freezing cooling solutions such as alcohol, the vapors of which will be condensed before they reach the lower chamber 534.

A still further advantage is that when this radiator is employed with a steam cooling s stem the violence with which the steam will e generated under heavy loads is very much reduced. Due to the reduction in the uantity of steam for a given heat output, t e temperature of the arts of the combustion chamber such as the spark plugs and exhaust valves will be considerably lower under maximum load conditions than in the type of steam cooling systems where all of the heat is dissipated in the form of steam. In this type of radiator, part of the heat is dissipated in cooling the liquid flowing from chamber 530 to the chamber 533 and part of the heat is by-passed or shunted around through chamber 531 through the vertical passages 539 and the bottom chamber 534.

This arrangement has a tendency to keep the maximum temperature of the combustion chamber considerabl lower, thus preventing pinging and over ieating.

It is obvious that those skilled in the art may vary the details of construction as well as the arrangements of parts without de: parting from the spirit of the invention, and

therefore, it is not desired to be limitedto the above disclosure except as may be required by the claims.

What is claimed is 1. In a radiator for the cooling system of an internal combustion engine provided with a jacket and a cooling fluid, the combination of a pair of tanks;,an inlet from said jacket to one of said tank's; means to cool the fluid at a temperature below a predetermined point whi e passing between said tanks; an outlet from said radiator to said engine jacket; and additional means communicating with said first named means and said outlet to cool the fluid when said predetermined tern erature has been exceeded.

2. In a radiator for the cooling system of an internal combustion engine provided with a jacket and a, coolin fluid,the combination of a vertically disposed pair of tanks; an inlet from said jacket to one of said tanks; vertically disposed means to cool the fluid at a temperature below a predetermined point while passing between said tanks; an outlet-from said radiator to said engine jacket; and additional means in open communication with said last named means and said outlet to cool the fluid when said predetermined temperature has been exceeded. 1 j

r 3. In a radiator for the cooling system of an internal combustion engine provided with a jacket and a cooling fluid, the combination of a vertically disposed pair of tanks; means to fill said system through the upper of said tanks; an inlet from said jacket to one of said tanks; means to cool the fluid at a temperature below a predeterminedpoint while passing between said tanks; an outlet from said radiator to said engine jacket; and additional means in open communication with said last named means and said outlet to cool the fluid when said predetermined temperature has been exceeded.

4:. In a radiator for the cooling systemof an internal combustion engine provided with a jacket and a cooling fluid, the combinationof a pair of tanks; an inlet from said jacket to one of said tanks; means to cool the fluid at a temperature below a predetermined point while passingbetween said tanks; an outlet from said radiator to said engine jacket; and additional means adjacent and in open communication with said first named means as well as said outlet to cool the fluid when said predetermined temperature has been exceeded. I

5. In a. radiator for the cooling system of an internal combustion engine provided with a jacket and a cooling fluid, the combination of a pair of tanks; an inlet from said jacket to one of said tanks;v means to cool the fluid at a temperature below a predetermined point while passing between said tanks; an outlet from said radiator to said Inn Leashes a I 3 engine jacket; and additional vertically dieposed means in open communication with said first named means and said" outlet to cool the fluid when said predetermined temperature has been exceeded.

6. In a radiator for-the cooling system of an internal combustion engine [provided with a jacket and a cooling fluid, the combination of a pair of tanks; an inletfrom said jacket to one of said tanks; means to cool the fluid at a temperature below apre determined pointwhile passing between said tanks; an outlet irom said radiator to said engine jacket; and additional meansin open horizontal communication with said tanks to cool the fluid Whensaid predetermined temperature has been exceeded.

7 I11 a radiator for the cooling system of aninternal combustion'engine provided with a jacket and acooling fluid, the combination of a pair'of tanks; an inlet from said jacket to one of said tanks; means to cool the fluid at a temperature below a predetermined point while passing between said tanks; additional means comprising a second pair of tanksin open communication with said first mentioned tanks and passages therebetween to coolthe'fluid' when said predetermined temperature has beenexceeded; and an outlet fromsaid radiator to said engine jacket.

8. In a radiator for the'cooling system of an internal combustionengine provided witha jacket and a cooling fluid, the combin'ationoi' a pair of tanks; an inlet from said jacket to one of said tanks; means to cool the fluid at a temperature below a predetermined point while passing between said tanks; additional means comprising a second vertically disposed pair of tanks in open communication with said first mentioned tanks and passages therebetween to cool the fluid when said predeterminedtemperature has been exceeded; and an outlet from said radiator to said engine jacket.

9. In a radiator for the cooling system of an internal combustion engine provided with a jacket and a cooling fluid, the combination of a pair of tanks, an inlet from said jacket to one of said tanks; means to cool the fluid at a temperature below a predetermined point while passing between said tanks; additional means comprising a second vertically disposed pair of tanks and passages therebetween to cool the fluid when said pre determined temperature has been exceeded, said second pair of tanks communicating with said first named pair of tanks; and an outlet from said radiator to a said engine jacket.

10. In a radiator for the cooling system of an internalcombustion engine provided with a jacket and a cooling fluid, the combination of a pair of tanks; an inlet from said jacket to one of said tanks; means to cool the fluid at a temperature below a predetermined point while passingbetweensaid tanks; ad

ditional means comprising a second vertioally disposed pair of tankscomm'unicating with said first mentioned tanks and passages therebetween to coolt-he fluid when said predetermined temperature has been exceeded,

the uppertanks communicating above the normal liquid level in said radiator; and an bination of means to deliver hot fluid fronr said jacket to said radiator; vertically disposed means to cool a portion of said fluid; additional means to cool another portion of said fluid; means to return the cooled fluid to said jacket; and means to' restrict the flow of fluid between said cooling means.

12.111 a radiator i orthe cooling system ol an internal combustionengine provided with a jacket and a cooling fluid; the combination of means to deliver hot fluid from said jacket to one part of said radiator; vertically disposed means to cool said fluid while transferring the same to the other part of said radiator; means to return the cooled fluid from the other part of said radiator to said jacket; and means to restrict the flow of cooled fluid to said last named means.

14. In a radiator for the cooling system of an internal combustion engine provided with a jacket and a cooling fluid, said radiator being vertically divided into two parts, the combination of means including an inlet to deliver hot fluid from said jacket to one part of said radiator to be cooled; means including an outlet associated with the other part of said radiator to return the cooled fluid to said jacket; means disposed in the inlet part of said radiator to cool the fiuidat a temperature below a predetermined pointand means disposed in the outlet part of said radiator to cool the fluid when said predetermined temperature has been exceeded.

15. Ina radiator for the cooling system of an internal combustion engine provided with a jacketand a cooling fluid, the combination of means including an inlet to deliver hot fluid from said jacket to said radiator to be cooled; means includin an inlet to return the cooled fluid to said acket; means Ail comprising a pair of tanks and passages therebet-ween disposed on the inlet part of said radiator to cool the fluid at a temperature below a predetermined point; and means comprising a second pair oftanks and passages therebetween disposed on the outlet part of said radiator to cool the fluid when said predetermined temperature has been exceeded.

16. In a radiator for the cooling systemof an internal combustion engine provided with a jacket and a cooling fluid, the combination of means including an inlet to deliver hot fluid from saidjacket to said radiator to be cooled; means including an inlet to return the cooled fluid to said jacket; means comprising a vertically disposed pair of tanks and passages therebetween disposed on the inlet part of said radiator to cool the fluid at a temperature below a predetermined point; and means comprising a second vertically disposed pair of tanks and passages therebetween disposed on the outlet part of said radiator to cool the fluid when said predetermined temperature has been exceeded.

17. In a radiator for the cooling system of aninternal combustion engine provided with a jacket and a cooling fluid, the combi nation of means including an inlet to deliver hot fluid from said jacket to said radiator to be cooled; means including an inlet to return the cooled fluid to said jacket; means comprising a vertically disposed pair of tanks and passages therebetween disposed on the inlet part of said; radiator to cool the fluid at a temperature below a predetermined point; and means com rising a second vertically disposed pair 0 tanks and passages therebetwecn disposed on the outlet part of said radiator to cool the fluid when said pre-.

determined temperature has been exceeded,

said upper tanks and said lower tanks horizontall connected.

18. n a radiator for the cooling system of an internal combustion engine provided with a jacket and a cooling fluid the combination of means to deliver hot fluid from said jacket to one art of said radiator; means to cool said uid means to convey said fluid to the other part ofsaid radiator; means to return the cooled fluid from said other part of said radiator to said jacket;

and means to restrict the flow of cooled fluid said last named means from one of said parts.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature.

WELLINGTON W.

,art of said radiator; 

